NUSO, in collaboration with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, is currently conducting evaluations of uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) to identify potential replacements for the existing Department of the Interior (DOI) UAS fleet. One of the UAS being tested is the Skydio X2D, a 4th generation DOI UAS equipped with advanced artificial intelligence algorithms and 360-degree obstacle avoidance cameras. This enables the aircraft to autonomously perform photogrammetric missions in confined, GPS-denied environments. NUSO is specifically examining the Skydio X2D's 3D scan capability to create photogrammetric models that can assist infrastructure assessment teams in evaluating bridges and dams.
The evaluation took place near Heeney, Colorado at the Green Mountain Reservoir, in collaboration with Civil Engineer Matthew Klein's team from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. NUSO team members strategically placed ground control points and scale bars to aid in the processing of the photogrammetric models.
Multiple flights were conducted, focusing on capturing data of the main bridge deck, bridge supports, and bridge substructure. Visual observers, including Rich Thurau from the DOI Office of Aviation Services, were present to maintain visual contact with the aircraft throughout the scanning process. Given that these were the first flights of the Skydio X2D in confined spaces, extra precautions were taken to closely monitor the aircraft. Representatives from Skydio, including Matt Chandler, Aaron Begle, and Taylor Mitcham, were also on-site to provide assistance with the 3D scan parameters and offer support. The Skydio aircraft operated, with minimal intervention required from the remote pilot during the scanning operation.
An independent review of the imagery captured by the Skydio UAS demonstrated the ability to obtain highly accurate photogrammetric models, thanks to the high-quality camera calibration of the Skydio imaging systems.
The ongoing evaluation of the Skydio X2D's capabilities showcases NUSO's commitment to finding efficient and advanced UAS solutions for infrastructure inspections. The potential use of the Skydio UAS in confined spaces with limited GPS signals opens up new possibilities for accurate and reliable data collection, enhancing the overall assessment and maintenance of critical infrastructure.
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